North Carolina St Patricia Art by Mel Hart 1980

American textile artist (1899–1994)

Anni Albers
Born	Annelise Elsa Frieda Fleischmann (1899-06-12)June 12, 1899 Berlin, German Empire
Died	May nine, 1994(1994-05-09) (aged 94) Orange, Connecticut, U.S.
Nationality	German
Pedagogy	Bauhaus
Known for	Textiles Graphic pattern Fine Fine art
Spouse(s)	Josef Albers ​ ​ (one thousand. 1925; died 1976)​
Website	www.albersfoundation.org

Anni Albers (born Annelise Elsa Frieda Fleischmann; June 12, 1899 – May 9, 1994)^[one] was an German textile artist and printmaker credited with blurring the lines betwixt traditional craft and art.^[2]

Besides surface qualities, such as rough and polish, dull and shiny, hard and soft, textiles also includes color, and, as the dominating chemical element, texture, which is the result of the construction of weaves. Like any craft it may terminate in producing useful objects, or information technology may rise to the level of fine art.

—Anni Albers, On Designing ^[3]

Early on life and instruction [edit]

Anni Albers was born Annelise Elsa Frieda Fleischmann on June 12, 1899 in Berlin, Frg.^[4] Her mother was from a family in the publishing industry and her father was a piece of furniture maker.^[5] Even in her childhood, she was intrigued by fine art and the visual world. She painted during her youth and studied under impressionist artist Martin Brandenburg, from 1916–19,^[ii] but was very discouraged from continuing later a meeting with artist Oskar Kokoschka, who upon seeing a portrait of hers asked her sharply "Why do you paint?"^{[half dozen] : 154}

Fleischmann eventually decided to attend art school, fifty-fifty though the challenges for art students were often great and the living weather condition harsh. Such a lifestyle sharply assorted the affluent and comfortable living that she had been used to. She attended the Kunstgewerbeschule in Hamburg for only 2 months in 1919, then in April 1922 began her studies at the Bauhaus at Weimar.^[7]

The Bauhaus in Dessau, Federal republic of germany

At the Bauhaus she began her first year under Georg Muche and and then Johannes Itten.^[8] Fleischmann struggled to find her particular workshop at the Bauhaus. Women were barred from sure disciplines taught at the school^[nine] and during her second yr, unable to gain admission to a drinking glass workshop with future hubby Josef Albers, Fleischmann deferred reluctantly to weaving, the just workshop available to women.^[2] Fleischmann had never tried weaving and believed information technology to be too "sissy" of a craft.^[x] With her instructor Gunta Stölzl, however, Fleischmann before long learned to appreciate the challenges of tactile construction and began producing geometric designs.^[11] In her writing, titled Material as Metaphor, Albers mentions her Bauhaus beginnings: "In my instance information technology was threads that caught me, actually against my will. To work with threads seemed sissy to me. I wanted something to be conquered. But circumstances held me to threads and they won me over."^[12]

Career [edit]

In 1925, Fleischmann married Josef Albers, the latter having rapidly become a "Junior Primary" at the Bauhaus.^[iv] The school moved to Dessau in 1926, and a new focus on production rather than craft at the Bauhaus prompted Albers to develop many functionally unique textiles combining properties of light reflection, sound assimilation, durability, and minimized wrinkling and warping tendencies. She had several of her designs published and received contracts for wall hangings.^[13]

For a time, Anni Albers was a student of Paul Klee, and later Walter Gropius left Dessau in 1928 the Albers moved into the teaching quarters adjacent to both the Klees and the Kandinskys.^[14] During this time, the Alberses began their lifelong habit of traveling extensively: first through Italy, Spain, and the Canary Islands.^[6] In 1930, Albers receives her Bauhaus diploma for innovative work: her use of a new material, cellophane, to design a audio-arresting and light-reflecting wallcovering.^[xv]

When Gunta Stölzl left the Bauhaus in 1931, Albers took over her role as caput of the weaving workshop, making her one of the few women to hold such a senior role at the schoolhouse.^[xvi]

The Bauhaus at Dessau was closed in 1932 under force per unit area from the Nazi party and moved briefly to Berlin, permanently closing a year after in Baronial 1933.^[17] Albers, who was Jewish, made the movement with her husband and the Bauhaus to Berlin, just and so fled to Due north Carolina, where the couple was invited by Philip Johnson to teach at the experimental Black Mountain College, arriving stateside in November 1933.^[4] Albers served equally an assistant professor of art.  The school was focused on "learning past doing" or "hands on learning." In the early on 1940s when Albers moved classrooms and the looms were non yet fix up, she had her students go exterior and find their own weaving materials. This was a basic do on fabric and structure. Albers regularly experimented with different cloth in her work and this immune the students to imagine what it might have been similar for the ancient weavers.^[18] Anni and Josef Albers both taught at Blackness Mountain until 1949.^[ii] During these years Albers's design work, including weavings, were shown throughout the US. She received her US citizenship in 1937. In 1940 and 1941, Albers co-curated a traveling exhibition on jewellery from household with one of the Black Mountain students, Alex Reed, that opened in the Willard Gallery in New York Urban center.^[15]

In 1949, Albers became the first textile designer to have a solo exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in New York Metropolis.^[4] Albers's design exhibition at MoMA began in the autumn and so toured the Us from 1951 until 1953, establishing her as i of the most important designers of the twenty-four hours. During these years, she also made many trips to Mexico and throughout the Americas, and became an avid collector of pre-Columbian artwork.^[nineteen]

Afterward leaving Black Mountain in 1949, Albers moved with her married man to Connecticut, and set a studio in her home.^[20] Subsequently being commissioned past Gropius to pattern a variety of bedspreads and other textiles for Harvard, and following the MoMA exhibition, Albers spent the 1950s working on mass-producible material patterns, creating the majority of her "pictorial" weavings, and publishing a half-dozen articles and a collection of her writings, On Designing.^[4] In 1961, she was awarded the Craftmanship Medal by the American Establish of Architects.

In 1963, while at the Tamarind Lithography Workshop in Los Angeles with her husband for a lecture of his, Albers was invited to experiment with print media. She grew immediately fond of the technique, and thereafter gave up nearly of her time to lithography and screen press. She was invited dorsum as a fellow to Tamarind in 1964. Here she created the vi print portfolio titled, Line Involvements. Albers wrote an article for Britannica in 1963, then expanded on information technology for her second book, On Weaving, published in 1965. The volume was a powerful voice of the midcentury textile blueprint movement in the Usa.^[21] Her design piece of work and writings on blueprint helped establish Blueprint History every bit a serious area of academic study.^[22]

In 1976, Albers had two major exhibitions in Germany, and a handful of exhibitions of her design work, over the next two decades, receiving a one-half-dozen honorary doctorates and lifetime achievement awards during this fourth dimension as well, including the second American Arts and crafts Council Gold Medal for "uncompromising excellence" in 1981.^[23] In 2018, the Tate Mod Museum in London paired with the Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen, in Dusseldorf (Frg) for a retrospective exhibition and book of Albers's work.^[xviii]

Albers connected to travel to Latin America and Europe, design and to make prints, and lecture until her death on May 9, 1994, in Orange, Connecticut.^[four] Josef Albers, who had served equally the chair of the pattern section at Yale afterwards the couple had moved from Black Mountain to Connecticut in 1949, predeceased her in 1976.^[24]

Legacy [edit]

In 1971, the Alberses founded the Josef and Anni Albers Foundation,^[15] a non-for-turn a profit arrangement they hoped would further "the revelation and evocation of vision through fine art."^[fifteen] Today, this organization not only serves equally the office Estate of both Josef Albers and Anni Albers, but also supports exhibitions and publications focused on Albers works. The official Foundation edifice is located in Bethany, Connecticut, and "includes a key research and archival storage center to accommodate the Foundation's art collections, library and archives, and offices, as well as residence studios for visiting artists."^[25]

Albers was inducted into the Connecticut Women'due south Hall of Fame in 1994.^[26]

Artwork [edit]

Albers was a designer who worked primarily in textiles and, belatedly in life, with printmaking. She worked with multiple techniques, primarily lithography, embossing, silk-screening, and photograph-start.^[27] She produced numerous designs in ink washes for her textiles, and occasionally experimented with jewellery design. Her woven works include many wall hangings, curtains and bedspreads, mounted "pictorial" images, and mass-produced 1000 material. Her weavings are often constructed of both traditional and industrial materials, non hesitating to combine jute, paper, horse hair, and cellophane.^{[28] [29]} Albers's early works, such as Drapery cloth (1923–26) and Design for Smyrna Rug (1925), display some of the characteristics that lasted throughout her career, notably her experimentation with color, shape, scale and rhythm with abstract, crisscrossing geometric patterns.^[30] Her work in printmaking was too experimental as she would "impress lines multiple times, get-go positive then negative, [and print] off-annals…She would explore the limits and possibilities of her tools."^[27] To Albers, "at that place is no medium that cannot serve fine art."^[27]

Exhibitions [edit]

Select solo exhibitions [edit]

^[31]

1940s [edit]

• 1941 Willard Gallery, New York, "Anni Albers and Alex Reed: Exhibition of Necklaces," May 5–25, 1941
• 1943 N Carolina Country Fine art Gallery, State Library Edifice, Raleigh, North Carolina, "Painting, Prints, and Textiles by Josef and Anni Albers," October xviii–29, 1943
• 1949 Museum of Modern Art, New York "Anni Albers: Textiles," September 14 – October 30, 1949 (Exhibition traveled to twenty-six museums in the United States and Canada)

1950s [edit]

• 1953 Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, Connecticut "Josef and Anni Albers: Paintings, Tapestries and Woven Textiles," July eight – August 2, 1953
• 1954 Honolulu Academy of Art, Honolulu, Hawaii, "Josef and Anni Albers: Painting and Weaving," July 1 – August ii, 1954
• 1959 MIT New Gallery, Cambridge, Massachusetts, "Anni Albers: Pictorial Weavings," May 11 – June 21, 1959. Exhibition traveled to the Carnegie Plant of Engineering, Pittsburgh; Baltimore Museum of Art; Yale University Art Gallery, New Oasis, Connecticut, Dec 10, 1959 – January ten, 1960; Gimmicky Arts Museum, Houston

1960s [edit]

• 1969 Retina Gallery, Cambridge, Massachusetts, "Anni Albers Lithographs and Screenprints 1963–1969," October 24 – November 15, 1969

1970s [edit]

• 1970 Earl Hall Gallery, Southern Connecticut State College, New Haven, Connecticut, "Anni Albers," Nov 4–24, 1970
• 1971 Carlson Library, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, Connecticut, "Anni Albers: Lithographs and Screenprints," January twenty – February 28, 1971
• 1973 Pollock Gallery, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, "Anni Albers: Drawings, Prints, Pictorial Weavings," September xxx – October 27, 1973
• 1975 Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Frg, "Anni Albers: Bildweberei, Zeichnung, Druckgrafik," July 10 – August 25, 1975. Exhibition traveled to Bauhaus-Archiv, Berlin, Frg, September ix – November 11, 1975
• 1977 Lantern Gallery, Ann Arbor, Michigan, "Anni Albers," January 12–thirty, 1977
• 1977 Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, New York, "Anni Albers: Drawings and Prints," October 1 – November 11, 1977
• 1977 Zabriskie Gallery, New York , New York, "Anni Albers: Prints," October 14 – Nov 12, 1977
• 1978 Katonah Gallery, Katonah, New York, "Anni Albers: Graphics," Dec 10, 1978 – January 14, 1979
• 1978 Pollock Gallery, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, "Anni Albers: Recent Work," Oct 21 – November 3, 1978
• 1979 Joseloff Gallery, Hartford Art School, Hartford, Connecticut, "Graphic Piece of work by Anni Albers," October three–26, 1979
• 1979 Monmouth Museum, Brookdale Community Higher, Lincroft, New Jersey, "Anni Albers: Prints," Apr 1979
• 1979 Paul Klapper Library, Queens College, New York, "Anni Albers: Graphics," March five–xxx, 1979

1980s [edit]

• 1980 Alice Simsar Gallery, Ann Arbor, Michigan, "Anni Albers: Prints," March 29 – Apr 23, 1980
• 1980 Morris Museum of Arts and Scientific discipline, Morristown, New Jersey, "Anni Albers: Evolving Systems," February 17 – March 3, 1980
• 1980 University Art Gallery, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, "Anni Albers: Prints and Drawings," February 25 – March 28, 1980
• 1980 Mattatuck Museum, Waterbury, Connecticut, "Anni Albers: Prints," January 3–13, 1980
• 1982 Silvermine Gallery, New Canaan, Connecticut, "Anni Albers: Prints," January 9 – February 7, 1982
• 1983 Carlson Gallery, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, Connecticut, "Anni Albers: Printmaker," November xx – Dec 18, 1983
• 1984 Artists Signature Gallery, New Haven, Connecticut, "Anni Albers: Silkscreen Prints," September 23 – Nov 2, 1984
• 1985 Arts Order, Chicago, Illinois, " Anni Albers: Prints; Ella Bergmann: Drawings; Ilse Bing: Photographs," September–October 1985
• 1985 Renwick Gallery, Washington D.C., "The Woven and Graphic Art of Anni Albers," June 12, 1985 – January 5, 1986
• 1989 Villa Stuck, Munich, Germany, "Anni und Josef Albers: Eine Retrospektive," December 15, 1989 – February 25, 1990. Exhibition traveled to the Josef Albers Museum, Bottrop, Germany, April 29 – June 4, 1990

1990s [edit]

• 1990 Museum of Modern Fine art, New York, "Gunta Stölzl, Anni Albers," February xv – July 10, 1990
• 1998 Kunstmuseum Bern, Bern, Switzerland, "Josef und Anni Albers: Europa und Amerika," November vi, 1998 – January 31, 1999
• 1999 Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Venice, Italy, "Anni Albers," March 24 – May 24, 1999. Exhibition traveled to the Josef Albers Museum, Bottrop, Germany, June 12 – Baronial 29, 1999; Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris, September 20 – December 31, 1999; Jewish Museum (Manhattan), New York, February 27 – June 4, 2000

2000s [edit]

• 2001 Davidson Art Center, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, "Anni Albers: Works on Paper from The Josef and Anni Albers Foundation," September 4 – November 4, 2001
• 2002 Gus Fisher Gallery, Auckland, New Zealand, "Anni Albers: Works on Paper," May eighteen – July half-dozen, 2002
• 2004 Cooper-Hewitt, National Blueprint Museum, New York, "Josef and Anni Albers: Designs for Living," October ane, 2004 – February 27, 2005
• 2004 Fuji Xerox Co., Tokyo, "Print piece of work past Anni and Josef Albers and their life at Black Mount Higher," 2004
• 2006 Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, Madrid, Kingdom of spain, "Anni y Josef Albers. Viajes por Latinoamérica," November 14, 2006 – Feb 12, 2007. Exhibition traveled to Josef Albers Museum, Bottrop, Frg, March 11 – June 3, 2007; Museo de Arte de Lima, Peru, June 27 – September 23, 2007; Antiguo Colegio de San Ildefonso, Mexico Metropolis, Mexico, November 6, 2007 – March 23, 2008; Museu Oscar Niemeyer, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, May 29 – August 24, 2008

2010s [edit]

• 2010 Alan Cristea Gallery, London, "Anni Albers: Prints and Studies," March 18 – Apr 17, 2010
• 2010 Design Museum, London, "Anni Albers: Truth to Materials," March 22 – May 10, 2010
• 2010 Ruthin Craft Centre, Ruthin, Wales, "Anni Albers: Design Pioneer," Dec 4, 2010 – February 6, 2011
• 2015  Mudec, Museo delle Civilization, Milan, "A Beautiful Confluence: Anni and Josef Albers and the Latin American World," October 28, 2015 – February 21, 2016
• 2016 Davis Museum at Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, "Anni Albers: Connections," September 28 – December 18, 2016
• 2017 Musée des Beaux-Arts, Le Locle, Le Locle, Switzerland, "Anni Albers: L'Oeuvre Gravé," February 19 – May 28, 2017
• 2017 Mercy Gallery, Loomis Chaffee School, Windsor, Connecticut, "Harmony," Apr 25 – May 30, 2017
• 2017 Galleria Carla Sozzani, Milan, "Anni Albers: The Prints," June sixteen – September 10, 2017
• 2017 Yale University Art Gallery, New Oasis, Connecticut, "Small-Peachy Objects: Anni and Josef Albers in the Americas," February 3 – June 25, 2017
• 2017 Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Bilbao, Spain, "Anni Albers: Touching Vision," October 6, 2017 – Jan 14, 2018
• 2018 K20 Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen, Düsseldorf, "Anni Albers," June 9 – September 9, 2018. Exhibition traveled to Tate Mod, London, October 11, 2018 – January 27, 2019
• 2018 Alan Cristea Gallery, London, "Anni Albers Connections: Prints 1963–1984," October i – November 10, 2018
• 2019 David Zwirner Gallery, New York, "Anni Albers," September 10 – October nineteen, 2019^{[32] [33]}

Select publications [edit]

• On Designing. The Pellango Printing, New Haven, CT, 1959. Second edition, Wesleyan University Press, Middletown, CT, 1962. First paperback edition, Wesleyan Academy Press, 1971 (ISBN 0-8195-3024-vii).
• On Weaving. Wesleyan University Press, Middletown, CT, 1965.
• Albers, Anni, and Cistron Baro. Anni Albers. Brooklyn, North.Y. : Brooklyn Museum, Segmentation of Publications and Marketing Services, 1977.

Meet too [edit]

• Cobweb art
• Gunta Stölzl
• Margaretha Reichardt
• Otti Berger
• Friedl Dicker-Brandeis
• Listing of German women artists

References [edit]

1. ^ "Albers, Anni". Who Was Who in America, 1993-1996, vol. xi . New Providence, N.J.: Marquis Who's Who. 1996. p. 3. ISBN0-8379-0225-viii.
2. ^ ^{a b c d} "Anni Albers". National Museum of Women in the Arts . Retrieved xiv October 2018.
3. ^ Albers, Anni (1971). Anni Albers: on designing. Wesleyan University Press. ISBN0819560197. OCLC 71843650.
4. ^ ^{a b c d e f} "Anni Albers", Encyclopedia Britannica, Retrieved online 14 October 2018.
5. ^ "Anni Albers' Fabric of Conventionalities at the Tate". Tablet Mag. 2018-12-nineteen. Retrieved 2019-03-03 .
6. ^ ^{a b} Weber, Nicholas Fox; Tabatabai Asbaghi, Pandora (1999). Anni Albers. New York, Northward.Y.: Guggenheim Museum Publications. pp. 154. ISBN0810969238. OCLC 41713625.
7. ^ Reif, Rita (May ten, 1984). "Anni Albers, 94, Fabric Artist And the Widow of Josef Albers". The New York Times.
8. ^ "Anni Albers". AWARE Women artists / Femmes artistes . Retrieved 2019-03-03 .
9. ^ Schönfeld, Christiane; Finnan, Carmel, eds. (2006). Practicing modernity : female creativity in the Weimar Democracy. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann. ISBN3826032411. OCLC 71336738.
10. ^ "Oral history interview with Anni Albers, 1968 July 5". www.aaa.si.edu . Retrieved 2020-03-03 .
11. ^ "Gunta Stölzl and Anni Albers". The Museum of Mod Art . Retrieved 2019-03-03 .
12. ^ Albers, Anni; Danilowitz, Brenda (2000). Anni Albers: selected writings on design . Hanover: University Press of New England. ISBN0819564478. OCLC 44650776.
13. ^ Weber, Nicholas Fox; Jacob, Mary Jane; Field, Richard S. (1985). The woven and graphic art of Anni Albers. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN0874749786. OCLC 11650684.
14. ^ Weber, Nicholas Fob (28 Oct 2013). "He lived on another sphere, and made most people feel likewise normal, less poetic than he was". www.tate.org.uk . Retrieved 2019-03-03 .
15. ^ ^{a b c d} The Josef and Anni Albers Foundation website
16. ^ Bauhaus100. Anni Albers Archived 2017-02-06 at the Wayback Auto (Accessed: 5 February 2017)
17. ^ "After 1933 - Bauhaus-Archiv | Museum für Gestaltung, Berlin". world wide web.bauhaus.de . Retrieved 2019-03-03 .
18. ^ ^{a b} Coxon, Ann; Fer, Briony; Müller-Schareck, Maria, eds. (2018). Anni Albers. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN9780300237252. OCLC 1026344189.
19. ^ Albers, Anni; Bernal, Ignacio; Coe, Michael Douglas; Hill, John T (1970). Pre-Columbian Mexican miniatures the Josef and Anni Albers collection. New York; Washington: Praeger. OCLC 253845585.
20. ^ "Guggenheim". world wide web.guggenheim-venice.it . Retrieved 2019-03-03 .
21. ^ Smith, T'ai (2014). Bauhaus Weaving Theory: From Feminine Craft to Mode of Blueprint. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. p. thirteen. ISBN978-0-8166-8723-vii.
22. ^ Fer, Briony (10 October 2018). "Anni Albers: Weaving Magic". Tate . Retrieved two March 2019.
23. ^ "ACC Gold Medalists | American Craft Council". American Craft Council . Retrieved 2018-02-22 .
24. ^ "Albers, Josef". Benezit Dictionary of Artists. Oxford University Press. 2011. doi:10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.b00002081. ISBN978-0-xix-977378-7 . Retrieved 2018-02-22 .
25. ^ The Josef and Anni Albers Foundation: Mission Statement Archived July 15, 2008, at the Wayback Motorcar
26. ^ Connecticut Women'southward Hall of Fame. "Anni Albers Inductee Profile". Archived from the original on December 25, 2015. Retrieved January 25, 2018.
27. ^ ^{a b c} Baro, Cistron (1977). Anni Albers. Brooklyn, Due north.Y.: Brooklyn Museum. ISBN087273062X. OCLC 3630534.
28. ^ "With Verticals, 1946 - Museo Guggenheim Bilbao". Museo Guggenheim Bilbao . Retrieved 2018-10-12 .
29. ^ Dickson, Andrew (2018-10-06). "Paul Smith on his muse Anni Albers: 'The residuum of u.s.a. are still struggling to catch upwards'". The Guardian . Retrieved 2018-10-12 .
30. ^ "Anni Albers | Artworks, Exhibitions, Contour & Content". ocula.com. 2019-03-05. Retrieved 2019-03-05 .
31. ^ "Anni Albers Solo". The Josef & Anni Albers Foundation . Retrieved March 3, 2019.
32. ^ "A New Exhibition Explores Anni Albers' Material Fine art". SURFACE. 2019-09-04. Retrieved 2019-09-20 .
33. ^ "Listening to Threads With Anni Albers". Vanity Fair . Retrieved 2019-10-09 .

Farther reading [edit]

• Anni Albers: Prints and Drawings. Academy Fine art Gallery, University of California, 1980.
• Colburn, Mae (March sixteen, 2014). "Weaving Outside the Lines". Cooper Hewitt National Pattern Museum.
• Coxon, Ann, Briony Fer, and Maria Müller-Schareck, eds (2018). Anni Albers. Yale University Printing. ISBN 9780300237252.
• Troy, Virginia Gardner (2002). Anni Albers and Ancient American Textiles: From Bauhaus to Black Mount. Ashgate. ISBN0754605019. OCLC 49640549.
• Weber, Nicholas Fox (2004). Josef + Anni Albers: designs for living (1st publ. ed.). London: Merrell. ISBN1858942640.
• Albers, Anni (July 5, 1968). Interview with Sevim Fesci. Archives of American Art. New Haven, Connecticut.

External links [edit]

• The Josef & Anni Albers Foundation , extensive official site
• Anni Albers at the Alan Cristea Gallery
• Anni Albers at the Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Pattern Museum
• Anni Albers at the Museum of Modern Art
• Anni Albers at the National Gallery of Art
• Anni Albers in the National Gallery of Australia'south Kenneth Tyler Collection
• Oral history interview with Anni Albers, 1968 July 5 from the Smithsonian Archives of American Art
• Anni Albers papers, 1924-1969 from the Athenaeum of American Fine art

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anni_Albers

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